Our Speech and Language Pathology Therapists specialize in speech and language disorders, providing a wide range of speech and language services. Beginning with an initial screening for communication and swallowing disorders, we then assess, diagnose and consult regarding management, intervention, treatment and other follow up services for these disorders:

• cognitive aspects of communication (attention, memory, problem solving, executive functions)
• speech (phonation, articulation, fluency, resonance, and voice including aeromechanical components of respiration)
• language (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatic/social aspects of communication) including comprehension and expression in oral, written, graphic, and manual modalities; language processing; preliteracy and language-based literacy skills, phonological awareness
• swallowing or other upper aerodigestive functions such as infant feeding and aeromechanical events (evaluation of esophageal function is for the purpose of referral to medical professionals)
• sensory awareness related to communication, swallowing, or other upper aerodigestive functions

Our Speech-Language Pathologists often collaborate with other health care professionals working as part of a multidisciplinary team. We provide:

• referrals to audiologists and other medical consultants
• information to health care professionals including doctors, nurses, occupational therapists, dietitians, educators and parents as dictated by the individual client's needs in relation to Auditory Processing Disorders
• collaboration in assessment
• intervention where there is evidence of speech, language and/or other cognitive-communication disorders.

Methods of Assessment
There are separate standardized assessment tools administered for infants, school-aged children, adolescents and adults. Assessments primarily examine the form, content and use of language as well as reading, writing and some cognitive functions. Individuals may be referred to a speech pathologist for Augmentative Alternative Communication needs.

There are myriad Speech and Language Assessment tools used for children and adults, depending on the area of need.

Clients and Patients Requiring Speech and Language Pathology Services
Speech and language pathologists work with clients and patients who can present a wide range of issues.

Infants and children

• Infants with injuries due to complications at birth, feeding and swallowing difficulties, including dysphagia
• Children with mild, moderate or severe:
  • Genetic disorders that adversely affect speech, language and/or cognitive development including autism and social interaction difficulties including Asperger's or cleft palate
  • Developmental delay
  • Cranial nerve damage
  • Craniofacial anomalies that adversely affect speech, language and/or cognitive development
  • Language delay
  • Specific difficulties in producing sounds including vocalic /r/ and lisps
  • Injuries due to paralysis of brain affecting speech language

Children and adults

• Cerebral Palsy
• Head Injury (traumatic brain injury)
• Hearing Loss and Impairments
• Learning Difficulties including Dyslexia, Specific Language Impairment (SLI), Auditory Processing Disorder
• Physical Disabilities
• Speech Disorders
• Stammering, Stuttering (dysfluency)
• Stroke
• Voice Disorders (dysphonia)
• Language Disorders (dysphasia)
• Motor Speech Disorders (dysarthria or dyspraxia)
• Naming Difficulties (anomia)
• Cognitive Communication Disorders
• Pragmatics
• Laryngectomies
• Tracheostomies
• Oncology (ear, nose or throat cancer)

Adults

• Adults with mild, moderate, or severe eating, feeding and swallowing difficulties, including dysphagia
• Adults with mild, moderate, or severe language difficulties as a result of:
  • Stroke
  • Progressive neurological conditions (Alzheimer's disease, dementia, Huntington's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Motor Neuron Diseases, Parkinson's disease, etc.)
  • Cancer of the head, neck and throat including laryngectomy
  • Mental health issues
  • Transgender voice therapy usually for male-to-female individuals

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